List of Diseases
Pregnancy (definition of term)
– to establish gestational age and date of birth using information about the time of the last menstrual period, date 1 of the first fetal movements and physical examination data pregnant.
Determining the duration of pregnancy by the size of the uterus:
- at 6 weeks, the uterus is slightly enlarged, spherical, there are signs of Snegirev, Reiter, Horvitz-Gegar;
- at 8 weeks, the uterus reaches the size of a female fist, its bottom is at the level of the pubic symphysis, and a sign of Piskachek appears;
- at 12 weeks, the uterus is the size of a man's fist, its bottom one finger across above the pubic symphysis;
- at 16 weeks. the bottom of the uterus is midway between the pubic symphysis and the navel;
- in 20 weeks. the abdomen is noticeably enlarged, the bottom of the uterus is located two fingers across below the navel, the movements of the fetus appear and its heart tones are listened to;
- in 24 weeks. the bottom of the uterus at the level of the navel;
- in 28 weeks. the bottom of the uterus is two fingers across above the navel;
- at 32 weeks, the navel is smoothed, the bottom of the uterus is determined between the navel and the xiphoid process;
- at 36 weeks, the bottom of the uterus reaches the xiphoid process and the costal arches;
- in 40 weeks. the bottom of the uterus descends to the level at which it was at the 32-week pregnancy.
In first-borns, the fetal head is fixed at the entrance of the pelvis, while in second-borns it remains mobile above the entrance to the pelvis. For practical obstetrics, diagnosis of a 32-week pregnancy is of great importance, since during this period, pregnant women receive prenatal leave.
This period can be determined by the date of the last menstruation, the first movement of the fetus (at 20 weeks. in primiparous and at 18 weeks. in repeat births), the size of the uterus at the first appearance in a women's consultation (with an early appearance, the diagnosis is more accurate).
Along with this, take into account the height of standing uterus above the vagina, the attitude prelease of the fruit to the entrance to the pelvis, the length of the fetus or the fronto-occipital size, as measured by tanamera, as well as data of ultrasonic fetometry – size coccyx-parietal size, abdominal circumference, biparietal head size of fetus, etc.
Along with this, take into account the height of standing uterus above the vagina, the attitude prelease of the fruit to the entrance to the pelvis, the length of the fetus or the fronto-occipital size, as measured by tanamera, as well as data of ultrasonic fetometry – size coccyx-parietal size, abdominal circumference, biparietal head size of fetus, etc.
Various formulas for determining the term of pregnancy and calendars for determining the term of delivery are proposed.
